Smoke

Names and synonyms:

Dimiat (France, Romania), Grobweisser (Austria), Smederevka (Serbia), Smederevka bianka (Italy), Szemendriai feher (Hungary), Semendru (Romania), Zoumiatico (Greece), Dertonia (Turkey), Galan (Russia), Damyat, Dimyat (Bulgaria).

Origin and distribution:

The Dimyat variety is an old local variety, which most likely was brought from Egypt to Thrace and along the Black Sea by Greeks and has been grown since ancient times in our lands. In our country until 1960 it was the most common wine variety with white grapes, which was also used as a dessert variety for fresh consumption and export. It belongs to the Black Sea Ecological and Geographical Group. Most plantations of the variety are located in Varna, Burgas and Stara Zagora regions (Roychev, 2012). As of 2020, the area occupied by this variety is about 2866 ha, which accounts for 10.55 % of the white wine varieties and 4.76 % of all vine varieties in Bulgaria (MZH, Agrostatistics Department, 2020).

Botanical description (Roychev, 2012; IVV):

A young summer-racel. The crown is mossy to highly mossy, cottony, slightly rusty, with a pale pink periphery. The first leaf on top is mossy, underneath strongly mossy, cottony. The young leaves are light-bronze, with a copper hue. The shoot is colored violet, down with a weaker intensity, to the top is mossy.

It's a sheet. Medium-sized to large, thicker, wider than long, bent up a dish, medium-cut, five-pointed, sometimes three-pointed. Upper incisions medium deep, open, lyrical, with almost parallel sides and a sharp bottom, sometimes with a tooth at the base. The lower cuts of braids, open in the form of an angle or barely noticeable, and the petur looks tripartite. The tail cut closed, often almost without a hole (partitions sit) or with an elliptical hole, sometimes open, narrow, with a sharp bottom.

It's a mature summer tree. The internodes are medium long (6-7 cm), medium thick, light brown, slightly flattened, with a smooth surface. The nodes are convex, darker brown with a violet hue.

It's a bunch of grapes. The grapes are medium-sized (18.9/13.7 cm), conical, often with 1 wing, semi-compact to loose, sometimes with uneven grains in the bunch. The average mass of 1 bunch varies widely and is around 300-400 g (for bunches developed from studs it is 304.5 g and from arrows it is 394.8 g).

It's a nipple. Grains oval, medium to coarse (18,13/16,78 mm). The skin is greenish-yellow, tanned on the sunny side, medium thick, brittle, with a slight waxy appearance. The consistency of the grain juicy-fleshy, sweet, with pleasant acid. The taste is harmonious, with a weak vanilla aroma. The average mass of 1 grain is 3.95 g (for grapes grown from studs it is 3.73 g and from arrows it is 4.20 g).

Agrobiological characteristic:

Smoke is a late-ripening white wine variety. In the Pleven region, its grapes ripen in late September and early October, and in the Black Sea region in the first half of October. The period from budding to technological maturity is about 170 days. The vines are moderately to strongly growing, but the algae usually manage to ripen by the end of vegetation. The variety is distinguished by very high genitourinity. Characteristic of the variety is the high generity of the low-lying eyes on the annual shoots, which is why the vines produce very well on short pruning, on dicks. The yield of the vine is different, depending on the moulding. The variety is not resistant to ordinary and powdery mildew, and to gray rot it is practically durable. The variety is highly sensitive to low winter temperatures, which is why its stem cultivation is possible only in areas where the temperature this season does not fall below -16 oC, and autumn is dry and long. The regenerative capacity of the variety after frostbite is very good. Dimyat variety has a very good affinity for the most common rootstocks in the country.

Technological Characteristicsa:

By the mechanical composition of the grapes Dimyat is a typical wine variety. Grapes are mainly used to produce quality white dry wines, distilled wine materials and naturally sparkling wines. When grown in warmer areas, the grapes of this variety have excellent taste, sweet, with pleasant acidity, fine vanilla taste, suitable for consumption and fresh. Depending on the load and growing area, the amount of sugars in the grapes varies widely. In Northeastern Bulgaria and along the Black Sea, Dimyat grapes most often contain 18-20% sugars and 7-8 g/dm³ titratable acids. The dry white wines produced have a straw yellow colour, a fresh and harmonious taste and a fine vanilla aroma.

Variations and Branches:

The variety has a number of selected variations, with large yellow-green and smaller grains with green skins, Smoke red, Smoke black, Smoke large polyploid, Galan 1 and Galan 2 (Russia), which are not common in practice. With better agrobiological and technological potential is Dimyat Branch 4/24, selected in the Pleven IVV and approved by the IASAS in 2009.